Smoking increases the risk for metabolic syndrome by negatively affecting abdominal obesity, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profiles.
Does smoking affect the diagnostic characteristics and increase the risk of metabolic syndrome?
Smoking negatively impacts the diagnostic components of metabolic syndrome, highlighting the importance of smoking prevention and cessation programs.
Metabolic syndrome is a growing epidemic that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, and mortality. It is diagnosed by the presence of three or more of the following risk factors: 1) obesity, with an emphasis on central adiposity, 2) high blood pressure, 3) hyperglycemia, 4) dyslipidemia, with regard to reduced high-density lipoprotein concentrations, and 5) dyslipidemia, with regard to elevated triglycerides. Smoking is one lifestyle factor that can increase the risk for metabolic syndrome as it has been shown to exert negative effects on abdominal obesity, blood pressure, blood glucose concentrations, and blood lipid profiles. Smoking may also negatively affect other factors that influence glucose and lipid metabolism including lipoprotein lipase, adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Some of these smoking-related outcomes may be reversed with smoking cessation, thus reducing the risk for metabolic disease; however, metabolic syndrome risk may initially increase post cessation, possibly due to weight gain. Therefore, these findings warrant the need for more research on the development and efficacy of smoking prevention and cessation programs.
Behl et al. (Tue,) conducted a review in Metabolic syndrome. Smoking was evaluated. Smoking increases the risk for metabolic syndrome by negatively affecting abdominal obesity, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profiles.