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This article argues for the application of meta-analysis to cross-cultural comparison as an adjunct to traditional review methods. The objective means of combining results of independent hypothesis tests provided by meta-analysis is illustrated through an examination of the literature on sex differences in child competitiveness. The results indicate an overall tendency for males to be more competitive than females. However, analysis within cultures indicates that this is not a universal trend. The utility of meta-analysis and the problems encountered in its cross-cultural application are discussed. It is concluded that the use of meta-analysis in conjunction with cross-cultural comparison provides a means of theory advancement of great potential.
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Michael Strube (1981) studied this question.
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