High dietary glycemic index and glycemic load were significantly associated with increased coronary heart disease events in women (GI RR 1.26; GL RR 1.55) but not in men.
Meta-Analysis (n=240,936)
Do high glycemic index and glycemic load diets increase the risk of coronary heart disease events?
High glycemic index and glycemic load diets are significantly associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease events in women, highlighting a potential sex-specific dietary risk factor.
Relative Risk: 1.11 (95% CI 0.99–1.24)
BACKGROUND: Glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in some but not all cohort studies. We therefore assessed the association of GI and GL with CHD risk in prospective cohorts. METHODS AND RESULTS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL (through April 5, 2012) and identified all prospective cohorts assessing associations of GI and GL with incidence of CHD. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) methodologies were used. Relative measures of risk, comparing the group with the highest exposure (mean GI of cohorts=84.4 GI units, range 79.9 to 91; mean GL of cohorts=224.8, range 166 to 270) to the reference group (mean GI=72.3 GI units, range 68.1 to 77; mean GL=135.4, range 83 to 176), were pooled using random-effects models, expressed as relative risk (RR) with heterogeneity assessed by χ(2) and quantified by I(2). Subgroups included sex and duration of follow-up. Ten studies (n=240 936) were eligible. Pooled analyses showed an increase in CHD risk for the highest GI quantile compared with the lowest, with RR=1.11 (95% confidence interval CI 0.99 to 1.24) and for GL, RR=1.27 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.49), both with evidence of heterogeneity (I(2)>42%, P<0.07). Subgroup analyses revealed only a significant modification by sex, with the female cohorts showing significance for GI RR=1.26 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.41) and for GL RR=1.55 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.03). CONCLUSIONS: High GI and GL diets were significantly associated with CHD events in women but not in men. Further studies are required to determine the relationship between GI and GL with CHD in men.
Mirrahimi et al. (Wed,) conducted a meta-analysis in Coronary heart disease (n=240,936). High glycemic index and glycemic load vs. Lowest glycemic index and glycemic load was evaluated on incidence of CHD (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.24). High dietary glycemic index and glycemic load were significantly associated with increased coronary heart disease events in women (GI RR 1.26; GL RR 1.55) but not in men.
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