Transport of respiratory gases and the entire spectrum of substances for the metabolism of cells is carried out by coordinated work of circulation and blood. The review considers the main theoretical and experimental studies on microcirculation and hemorheology with an emphasis on the mechanisms of their interrelation and on the influence of individual hemorheological characteristics on the regulation of microvascular tissue perfusion. The analysis of the leading microrheological characteristics of erythrocytes - deformability is performed, the signal molecular mechanisms associated with the change of this cell parameter are shown. Data on the role of erythrocytes in the regulation of arteriolar tonus and functional density of capillaries are given. The mechanism of this regulation by exocytosis with erythrocytes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis by endothelial cells is discussed. The review performed a comprehensive analysis of the participation of major hemorheological characteristics in the regulation of microvascular perfusion, including the role of the optimal viscosity of whole blood and the viscosity of plasma for effective tissue perfusion and oxygenation.
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Muravyov et al. (2017) studied this question.
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