Recent Progress of Molecular Design and Activities of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK) Inhibitors

Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, serves as a pivotal regulator in multiple intracellular signaling pathways, particularly those involved in immune responses. Dysregulated SYK activation has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of various hematological malignancies and autoimmune disorders, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Consequently, significant progress has been made in developing SYK inhibitors as a targeted treatment strategy. This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in SYK inhibitor research, focusing on their therapeutic potential in autoimmune diseases and hematologic cancers. Furthermore, we highlight representative SYK inhibitors, discuss their clinical applications, outline current challenges, and future directions in this evolving field.