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We describe a new image coding approach in which a 4-ary arithmetic coder is used to represent significant coefficient values and the lengths of zero runs between coefficients. This algorithm works by raster scanning within subbands, and therefore involves much lower addressing complexity than other algorithms such as zerotree coding that require the creation and maintenance of lists of dependencies across different decomposition levels. Despite its simplicity, and the fact that these dependencies are not explicitly utilized, the algorithm presented here is competitive with the best enhancements of zerotree coding. In addition, it performs comparably with adaptive subband splitting approaches that involve much higher implementation complexity.
Tsai et al. (Mon,) studied this question.