The Electric Industry Landscape is undergoing significant changes due to the increased use of intermittent renewable resources at both the bulk-power and distribution levels, the emergence of new technologies, and the increased participation of distributed and demand-side capabilities in power system operations. Two major complementary developments are gaining momentum to help address the challenges associated with the emerging industry landscape: a new distribution system operator (DSO) construct and the transactive energy (TE) systems framework.
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Rahimi et al. (2016) studied this question.
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