Self‐report questionnaire, school records, and census block group data for 502 Latino adolescents in immigrant families were examined using multilevel modeling to test how structural neighborhood adversity, in addition to perceived neighborhood, parental, and adolescent factors, explained grade point average (GPA). The results showed perceived neighborhood risk, mothers’ education aspirations for youth, and gender were directly related to GPA. Academic motivation mediated the relationship between fathers’ and mothers’ monitoring and GPA. Implications for prevention, intervention, and policy are presented.
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Henry et al. (2008) studied this question.
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