Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) is that the energy stored in the batteries of electric vehicles can be utilized to send back to the power grid. And then, the energy in the batteries of electric vehicles can move with electric vehicles (EVs). Based on above characteristics, this paper introduces the concept of a mobile electrical grid and discusses the energy routing problem. It focuses on the optimization problem of how to find routes from the energy sources to charge stations, especially, when some paths are clogged by traffic jam. A bipartite graph model is used to analyze the route problem and two algorithms are presented to compute minimal energy metric route. Both of algorithms are tested by real-world transporting data in Manhattan and the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority(PVTA). Simulations show that the method is efficient.
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Yi et al. (2013) studied this question.