This paper discusses the design considerations for three-phase inverters for grid connected photovoltaic systems. Specific performance considerations are addressed including topology trade-offs, efficiency trade-offs, and maximum power point tracking. Additionally, utility interconnect issues are examined including power quality and anti-islanding. Testing results are provided for the Xantrex PV series of inverter products. These systems operate with a variety of PV panels and are designed to meet the UL-1741 utility interconnection standard. Power levels are from 5 kW to 300 kW, and the output is a nominal 208 VAC. Experimental results showing successful operation are given for the 10 kW system. Testing was performed at the Sandia National Laboratories Photovoltaic Systems Evaluation Lab in Albuquerque, NM.
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Hudson et al. (2003) studied this question.
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