Measurements of current speed and direction from the sea surface to below 400 meters made on the equator in the eastern Pacific in April 1968 indicate that the Equatorial Undercurrent extends from 300 meters to the sea surface. These measurements, when compared with previous observations, indicate that eastward motion at the surface is a result of surfacing of the undercurrent caused by a release of the surface wind stress.
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J.H. Jones (1969) studied this question.
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