Trivers and Hare (1976) were the first to appreciate that the asymmetry in relatedness within a Hymenoptera society held far-reaching implications for sex-ratio evolution. This paper develops their theory for a very general model. The ESS results differ but little from their original treatment. I introduce one new factor (termed worker-worker conflict) and derive a new equilibrium ratio of investment by workers in new queens. The difficulties of interpreting this result are briefly discussed.
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Eric L. Charnov (1978) studied this question.
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