Failure to Return for HIV Test Results Among Persons at High Risk for HIV Infection

BACKGROUND: Voluntary counseling and testing is an important strategy for HIV prevention. For optimal impact, however, clients must return for HIV test results and counseling. The goal of this study was to document the frequency of self-reported failure to return for HIV test results (FTR) and associated reasons among persons at high risk for HIV infection. METHODS: Respondents were recruited at gay bars (men who have sex with men MSM), by street intercept (injection drug users IDUs), or at sexually transmitted disease clinics (high-risk heterosexuals HRHs) in 7 US states in 2000. Self-reported history of and reasons for FTR were evaluated. RESULTS: FTR was commonly reported among 2241 respondents: 10% of MSM, 20% of HRHs, and 27% of IDUs reported FTR at least once. FTR was significantly (P < 0.05) more common among those with higher perceived risk of HIV infection and significantly less common among HRHs who had completed more than high school (vs. high school or General Education Development certificate) or were employed part time (vs. unemployed). About one fourth of respondents cited fear of getting test results as an important reason for FTR. CONCLUSION: Self-reported occurrences of FTR in our venue-recruited sample were similar to proportions of FTR previously reported from publicly funded venues. Increased pretest counseling on fear of learning HIV status and on the availability of rapid testing may help to reduce FTR.