Procyanidins extracted from the litchi pericarp ameliorate atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice: their effects on nitric oxide bioavailability and oxidative stress

and NOX-4) in the aortas of ApoE KO mice were significantly reduced, whereas plasma SOD activity was markedly elevated by LPPC. These results elucidated that LPPC could ameliorate atherosclerosis in ApoE-KO mice by improving NO bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress through NADPH oxidase-dependent mechanisms.