Ingestion of 355 mL of tap water significantly decreased cardiac workload in healthy adults, reducing the rate pressure double product by 353 mmHg*beats/min during the first 30 minutes.
Observational (n=45)
Randomized crossover (in original studies)
No
Does the ingestion of 355 mL of tap water reduce cardiac workload in healthy adults?
Ingestion of 355 mL of water acutely decreases cardiac workload (heart rate and rate-pressure double product) in healthy adults over a 60-minute period, likely driven by increased parasympathetic activity.
Mean Difference: -353
p-value: p=<0.005
Ingestion of water entails a variety of cardiovascular responses. However, the precise effect remains elusive. We aimed to determine in healthy adults the effect of water on cardiac workload and to investigate potential gender differences. We pooled data from two controlled studies where blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were continuously recorded before and after the ingestion of 355 mL of tap water. Additionally, we calculated double product by multiplying systolic BP with HR and evaluated spectral parameters referring to vagal tone. All parameters were investigated for potential differences based on gender. In response to water, HR, systolic BP, and double product decreased significantly during the first 30 min. However, these effects were attenuated for HR and double product and even abolished for systolic BP over the subsequent 30 min. Over the entire post-drink period (60 min), decreases in HR and double product (all P < 0.05) were observed. Spectral markers for vagal tone increased with the on-set of the water drink and remained elevated until the end (P < 0.005). No significant gender difference in cardiac workload parameters was observed. We provide evidence that drinking water decreases, in a time-dependent fashion, cardiac workload and that these responses appear not to be influenced by gender.
Monnard et al. (Mon,) conducted a observational in Healthy adults (n=45). Tap water ingestion vs. Baseline (pre-ingestion) was evaluated on Change in rate pressure double product (cardiac workload) from baseline at 0-30 minutes (MD -353, p=<0.005). Ingestion of 355 mL of tap water significantly decreased cardiac workload in healthy adults, reducing the rate pressure double product by 353 mmHg*beats/min during the first 30 minutes.