Key result
High cognitive reserve did not alter the overall 66.7% incidence of neuropsychological decline after CABG, but was associated with greater decline in working memory and executive function.
Why the study?
Does cognitive reserve mediate neuropsychological outcome after elective CABG?
Cohort (n=42)
Does cognitive reserve mediate neuropsychological outcome after elective CABG?
Patients with high cognitive reserve may experience greater post-operative decline in specific domains like working memory and executive function following elective CABG, consistent with a threshold model of cognitive reserve.
May prompt domain-specific screening in high-reserve CABG patients; leaves open threshold-model confirmation in prospective trials.
Neuropsychological impairment is common, yet variable, after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Similar variability has been observed in other CNS-related diseases. Empirical findings in Alzheimer's disease and HIV, among other areas, suggest cognitive reserve (CR) may mediate the cognitive impact of these diseases. The present study examined whether CR mediates neuropsychological outcome after CABG. Participants were 42 (N=42) individuals who underwent elective, normothermic CABG. Each was placed in high (n=22) or low (n=20) CR groups based on estimated premorbid intelligence and occupational attainment. All were administered neuropsychological tests preoperatively and at discharge. The total incidence of neuropsychological decline (66.7%) was not significantly different between CR groups. However, on working memory and executive function tests, specifically, the high CR group demonstrated greater post-operative decline compared to the low CR group. These data are considered in the context of a threshold model of CR theory.
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Ropacki et al. (2006) conducted a cohort in Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (n=42). High cognitive reserve vs. Low cognitive reserve was evaluated on Total incidence of neuropsychological decline. High cognitive reserve did not alter the overall 66.7% incidence of neuropsychological decline after CABG, but was associated with greater decline in working memory and executive function.
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