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Electric vehicles are expected to be one of the means to level the difference between the peak time and off-peak time electric loads. From a global point of view, increasing environmental concerns make us recognize the necessity of replacing conventional gasoline cars by electric vehicles. Due to problems with the efficiency and life time of a battery, it will take time before electric vehicles are in general use. Electric vehicles are used only in specialized small fields. Automobile makers are cooperating to invent advanced batteries for use in electric vehicle. Thus, it is timely to develop appropriate infrastructure standards and technologies to make electric vehicles attractive to consumers. In this paper, we investigate the impact of electric vehicle on electricity demands by assuming analytical models of EV consumption. The charging characteristics of a battery, the running performance, and the practical driving distance of each type of car are used in this analysis. According to the scenario analysis, the simulations clearly presented the impact of EV introduction using the practical day load duration curve for the Tokyo cosmopolitan area. The authors conclude that electric vehicles are effective for load leveling under some sort of market regulations. If there is no regulation in the EV market, power shortage will occur on both nighttime and daytime because of the concentration of the nighttime charge and the quick charge. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 120(4): 40–47, 1997
Koyanagi et al. (Mon,) studied this question.