Construction and prospect on the new disciplines by the symbiosis between artificial intelligence and security & safety

To address the prominent security and safety (SS) problems, arising from the rapid development and widespread applications of artificial intelligence (AI), and to predict the future impact of AI on SS, it is necessary to establish AI–SS disciplines as soon as possible. This article employed methods such as literature review, logical reasoning, new discipline construction, and prediction to conduct an innovative investigation into new disciplines through the symbiosis between AI and SS. After reviewing the typical studies on the SS issues of AI, from its infancy to the current 'explosion period', three-level, and three-category problems of AI–SS are analyzed. Accordingly, three corresponding professional frameworks with a perspective of new disciplines for AI–SS are proposed. Also, the definitions, connotations, research objects, knowledge systems, and interdisciplinary aspects of the three disciplines are elaborated upon. Lastly, the typical research directions, and the symbiotic new disciplines on AI–SS in the future are discussed. The research results indicate that the SS issues associated with the development of AI, will become increasingly severe in the future. The SS issues of AI systems themselves, the applications of AI to improve the quality and efficiency of SS in various fields, and the new SS issues arising from the development and applications of AI, will form three important research and professional fields. Therefore, it is necessary to establish three new disciplines: the Intelligent System SS, SS Intelligence Engineering, and the Intelligent Domain Risk Governance, to adapt to sustainable SS development of AI, and prevent and control various new risks derived from AI and its applications.