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The following analysis addresses relationships between suffering and the self. It emphasizes subjects’ stories of experiencing chronic illness and their relationship to the construction of self. A symbolic interactionist perspective informs the analysis. Topics include forms of suffering, the moral hierarchy of suffering, relationships between gender and moral status in suffering, and meanings of subjects’ stories. The major argument is that suffering is a profoundly moral status. Placement in the moral hierarchy of suffering affects whether and how an ill person’s stories will be heard.
Kathy Charmaz (1999) studied this question.