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To support the increasing data traffic demand in wireless communications networks, a multi-tier architecture that consists of multiple small cells is adopted in traditional (macro) cellular networks. Nevertheless, due to the expansion of various wireless devices and services, there is still a need to increase the network capacity in new generation networks such as 5G. Hence, the integration of Device-to-Device (D2D) communication as a promising technology with heterogeneous networks has been proposed. This integration not only increases network capacity but also improves spectral efficiency and alleviates the traffic load of base stations. However, the co/cross-tier interferences between D2D and cellular communications caused by resource sharing is a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a distributed resource allocation algorithm based on matching theory to minimize these interferences and optimize the network performance. It is shown in this paper that the proposed algorithm converges to a stable matching and terminates after finite iterations. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is able to achieve more than 90 percent of the optimum network performance with much lower overhead and complexity.
Shamaei et al. (2018) studied this question.