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My book manuscript argues that U.S. legislatures have become increasingly polarized and dysfunctional in part because of how difficult running for and holding office is. Combining theoretical and empirical evidence, I show how voters are forced to elect extremists because moderates don't run for office, and I document how the rising costs of running for office, and the falling benefits of holding office, have deterred moderates from running.
Andrew B. Hall (Tue,) studied this question.