Hypertension-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy exhibited a lack of CD36 and upregulated glycolytic enzymes, whereas exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy maintained normal fatty acid metabolism.
Does gene expression of energy metabolic enzymes differ between hypertension-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy and exercise training-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy?
Molecular phenotypes in the energy metabolic system differ significantly between hypertension-induced pathological and exercise training-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
p-value: p=<0.05
Hypertension-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy (hypertensive heart) and exercise training-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy (athletic heart) have differences in cardiac properties. We hypothesized that gene expression of energy metabolic enzymes differs between these two types of cardiac hypertrophy. To investigate whether mRNA expression of key enzymes in the long-chain fatty acid (FA), glucose, and lactic acid metabolic pathways differs between these two types of cardiac hypertrophy, we used the hearts of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; 19 weeks old) as a model of the hypertensive heart, swim-trained rats (Trained; 19 weeks old, swimming training for 15 weeks) as a model of the athletic heart, and sedentary Wistar-Kyoto rats (Control; 19 weeks old). SHR developed hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy, of which cardiac function was deteriorated, whereas Trained rats developed an athletic heart, of which cardiac function was enhanced. The mRNA expression of CD36, which involved in uptake of long-chain FA, in the heart was almost never detected in the SHR group. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of key enzymes in the long-chain FA metabolic pathway (acyl CoA synthase ACoAS, carnitine palmitoyl transferase CPT-I, CPT-II, and isocitrate dehydrogenase ISCD) in the heart was significantly higher in the SHR group compared with the Control group. The mRNA expression of ACoAS, CPT-I, ISCD, and CD36 in the heart did not differ between Trained group and Control group, whereas that of CPT-II in the Trained group was significantly higher compared with the Control group. The mRNA expression of key enzymes (phosphofructokinase and lactate dehydrogenase) in glycolytic metabolic pathway in the heart was markedly higher in the SHR group compared with the Control group, whereas these mRNA expressions did not differ between Trained group and Control group. These findings suggest that the molecular phenotypes in the energy metabolic system differ in hypertension-induced pathological and exercise training-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy, and these differences may participate in the differences in cardiac function.
Iemitsu et al. (2003) studied Cardiac hypertrophy (n=23). Swimming training (physiological) vs Hypertension (pathological) vs. Sedentary Wistar-Kyoto rats was evaluated on mRNA expression of key enzymes in energy metabolic pathways (CD36, ACoAS, CPT-I, CPT-II, ISCD, PFK, LDH) (p=<0.05). Hypertension-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy exhibited a lack of CD36 and upregulated glycolytic enzymes, whereas exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy maintained normal fatty acid metabolism.