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Energy storage has been the most challenging and complex issue of the industry whether it is the electric utilities or for industrial applications. The constant need for efficient energy storage has seen the emerging new technologies which promise reliability, productivity and the use of renewables. Energy storage can balance the fluctuations in supply and meet the ever growing demand of electricity. For short duration requirements battery storage can bring about frequency control and stability and for longer duration requirements they can bring about energy management or reserves. Storage can also be used to complement primary generation as they can be used to produce energy during off peak periods and this energy produced can be stored as reserve power as presented in the paper. Storage can play a multi-function role in the electric supply network to manage the resources effectively
Joseph et al. (Sun,) studied this question.