Key result
Educational level, age, and sex explained 38% of the total variance in the MMSE score (p<0.0001), yielding a prediction equation to improve cognitive screening.
Why the study?
Studies have shown that education, age, and sex influence MMSE scores, but studies in Brazil have considered only one factor to score it.
Do educational level, age, and sex predict MMSE scores in individuals without cognitive impairment?
Cross-Sectional (n=250)
Do educational level, age, and sex predict MMSE scores in individuals without cognitive impairment?
Educational level, age, and sex significantly influence MMSE scores, and a prediction equation incorporating these variables can provide better cognitive screening.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May warrant demographic-adjusted MMSE interpretation; leaves open prospective validation of the prediction equation.
The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) is a screening test used worldwide for identifying changes in the scope of cognition. Studies have shown the influence of education, age and sex in the MMSE score. However, in Brazil, the studies consider only one factor to score it. The aim of this study was to establish a prediction equation for the MMSE. An exploratory cross-sectional study was developed and trained researchers examined participants at the community. The volunteers were evaluated by the MMSE and also by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The MMSE score was the dependent variable. Age, educational level, sex, and GDS score were the independent variables. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the model of best prediction value for MMSE scores. A total of 250 participants aged 20-99 years, without cognitive impairment, were assessed. The educational level, age, and sex explained 38% of the total variance of the MMSE score (p<0.0001) and resulted in the following equation: MMSE=23.350+0.265(years of schooling)-0.042(age)+1.323(sex), in which female=1 and male=2. The MMSE scores can be better explained and predicted when educational level, age, and sex are considered. These results enhance the knowledge regarding the variables that influence the MMSE score, as well as provide a way to consider all of them in the test score, providing a better screening of these patients.
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Mendes et al. (2019) conducted a cross-sectional in without cognitive impairment (n=250). Educational level, age, and sex was evaluated on MMSE score (38% of total variance explained, p=<0.0001). Educational level, age, and sex explained 38% of the total variance in the MMSE score (p<0.0001), yielding a prediction equation to improve cognitive screening.
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