Cellular, Molecular, and Metabolic Basis of Muscle Fatigue

The sections in this article are: Definition and Current Theories of Fatigue Muscle Fiber‐Type Composition Mechanical Properties The Isometric Contractile Properties The Maximal Shortening Speed and Peak Power The Force‐Frequency Relationship Excitation‐Contraction Coupling Sarcolemma and T‐Tubular Membranes T‐Tubular–Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Junction and Calcium Release Lactic Acid, Intracellular pH And Fatigue Muscle Lactate Hydrogen Ion and Muscle Fatigue Inorganic Phosphate and Muscle Fatigue Total Phosphate and the Diprotonated Form Mechanisms of Phosphate Action High‐Energy Phosphates and the Free Energy of ATP Hydrolysis ATP and Muscle Fatigue Blood Glucose and Muscle Glycogen Hypoglycemia and Performance Carbohydrate Metabolism and Muscle Fatigue Ultrastructural Changes and Muscle Fatigue Muscle Damage and Exercise Intensity Organelle Susceptibility to Damage Summary and Conclusions