Guideline Adherence of β-blocker Initiating Dose and its Consequence in Hospitalized Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction

Figures

• 

  FIGURE 1. Patient disposition.; Abbreviations: WCH, the West China Hospital of Sichuan University; BB, beta blocker; LVEF, left ventricular ejection factor; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein; cTNT, cardiac troponin T; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

• 

  FIGURE 2. The IPW-adjusted cumulative incidence of each time-to-event adverse events. We derived propensity score for each patient using a multivariable logistic regression model, adjusting for age, sex, baseline heart rate, baseline systolic blood pressure, baseline N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide, baseline left ventricular ejection factor, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, and Charlson Comorbidity Index.; Abbreviations: IPW, inverse probability weighting; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval. Days are calculated from the date of initiating beta blockers.

• 

  FIGURE 3. The association between non-adherence to clinical practice guideline recommendations for BB initiation and the risk of adverse events. We derived propensity score for each patient using a multivariable logistic regression model, adjusting for age, sex, baseline heart rate, baseline systolic blood pressure, baseline N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide, baseline left ventricular ejection factor, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. # These hazard ratios are derived from accelerate failure time model with Weibull distribution; others are derived from Cox proportional hazards regression model with inverse probability weighting. * The P interaction <0.05. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; N, number of patients in each group; n, number of events in each group.