Child Adjustment in Joint Physical Custody Versus Sole Custody: A Meta-Analytic Review

A meta-analysis was conducted to compare the adjustment of children in joint and sole custody. The studies included here defined joint custody as a proportion of time spent by children in each home ranging from a one-third time division (70%/30%) to an equal share (50%/50%). The overall results of the 19 selected studies revealed better outcomes for children in joint custody, with a weak effect size (d = .109). Moreover, this association was moderated by the amount of time that children spent with their 2 parents. Other moderation analyses conducted on the methodological characteristics of the studies and the characteristics of the samples were not significant. The descriptive data drawn from this meta-analysis were used to identify the studies’ limitations. Recommendations for future research in the area are discussed.