Electromagnetic dosimetry for models of humans and animals: A review of theoretical and numerical techniques

Theoretical dosimetry, i.e., calculation of the electromagnetic (EM) energy absorbed by humans in radiation fields, has become increasingly important as the use of EM devices in our society has increased. Since such calculations are difficult and complicated, a number of EM analysis techniques have been used by researchers in the field to obtain dosimetric data and understanding of absorption characteristics. Both analytical and numerical EM techniques have been applied extensively. In this paper, important techniques are reviewed and significant dosimetric data are summarized. Some important areas of future research in EM dosimetry are discussed.