Shows effective detection of 4D signals in Deepwater Gulf of Mexico, suggesting improved monitoring capabilities.
We show that time-lapse 3D VSP acquired with Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is capable of detecting 4D signals associated with 3 years of production in the Deepwater Gulf of Mexico. Very good repeatability (NRMS~7%) was achieved, helped in part by a new DAS depth calibration method. Repeatability can be further improved in future surveys by better execution. We outline the next steps toward enhancing 4D DAS VSP value and affordability in order to establish it as a tool for frequent monitoring.
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Zwartjes et al. (2017) studied this question.
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