The partition function for the square lattice completely filled with dimers is analyzed for a finite n × m rectangular lattice with edges and for the corresponding lattice with periodic boundary conditions. The total free energy is calculated asymptotically for fixed ξ = n/m up to terms o(1/n2−δ) for any δ > 0. The bulk terms proportional to nm, the surface terms proportional to (n + m) which vanish with periodic boundary conditions, and the constant terms which reveal a parity and shape dependence are expressed explicitly using dilogarithms and elliptic theta functions.
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Arthur E. Ferdinand (1967) studied this question.
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