Key result
Mean slow-fast cross-frequency coupling was stronger in adults in task-positive circuits and stronger in children in task-negative default mode network regions, demonstrating nonlinear growth trajectories between ages 7 and 10.
Why the study?
On slow temporal scales, cross-frequency coupling may reflect trait-like properties, raising the question of its developmental trends.
Observational (n=285)
No
p-value: p=<0.00001
Cross-frequency coupling shows distinct spatial patterns in children versus adults and follows nonlinear developmental trajectories associated with personality traits like introversion.
Hypothesis-generating for neurodevelopmental biomarkers; leaves open clinical translation in pediatric populations.
It is generally assumed that different electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency bands are somehow related to different computational modes in the brain. Integration of these computational modes is reflected in the phenomenon of cross-frequency coupling (CFC). On slow temporal scales, CFC may reflect trait-like properties, which posits a question of its developmental trends. This is the first study that explored source-level CFC measures in a developmental perspective using both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. CFC measures demonstrated good test-retest stability and proved to be higher in adults in cortical areas participating in sensory-motor integration, response inhibition, and attentional control. In children, greater CFC was observed in parietal regions involved in self-centered cognition. Over the period from 7 to 10 years, CFC demonstrated nonlinear growth trajectories. Introversion was associated with higher CFC in cortical areas related to emotion, attention, and social cognition, implying that the association between introversion and CFC appears early in the development.
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Knyazev et al. (2019) conducted an observational in Healthy (n=285). Developmental maturation (Age) vs. Adults vs. Children was evaluated on Source-level mean slow-fast cross-frequency coupling (S-F coupling) (p=<0.00001). Mean slow-fast cross-frequency coupling was stronger in adults in task-positive circuits and stronger in children in task-negative default mode network regions, demonstrating nonlinear growth trajectories between ages 7 and 10.
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