Microplastics and child health: A scoping review of prenatal and early-life exposure routes and potential health risks

studies. These includes the optical, neurological, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, urinary, digestive, skeletal, lymphatic and reproductive systems. Given their small size and potential toxicity, MPs may disrupt these important developmental processes, leading to long-term health consequences. This article explores the route of MPs exposure with the potential severity and health impacts of those exposure, especially for fetuses, infants, and children. By doing so, it aims to identify any missing knowledge in this area. This research will serve as a foundation for designing future studies that identify health risks in generations exposed to MPs from a very young age.