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The technology of smart farming (IoT-based monitoring and control system) has gone through rapid technological advancements and there is an increase in demand for reliable and efficient automatic smart farming systems. In controlled agricultural areas, it is very difficult for farmers to monitor and control their fields all the time. Therefore, an IoT-based smart model is designed for monitoring and controlling farms where environmental parameters can be accessed remotely at any time anywhere in the world. In this model, different sensors are interfaced with a microcontroller including temperature and humidity sensors, soil moisture sensor, barometric pressure sensor, flame sensor, smoke sensor, and DC motor to monitor and control environmental parameters in the agriculture field respectively. The acquired environmental parameters are sent on the Ubidots cloud server where the data is stored and updated every 5 seconds. The environmental parameters are sent on the Ubidots server through an Ethernet shield in the form of packets where the data can be visualized in the form of graphs.
Amin et al. (2021) studied this question.