The laser irradiation effect on Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) has attracted wide attention in photoelectric countermeasures and imaging system hardening. This review provides a systematic analysis of the phenomena and mechanisms of laser-induced dazzling and damage effects on CCD sensors. It summarizes experimental and theoretical research progress with continuous-wave (CW), pulsed, and composite lasers, revealing distinct interaction mechanisms such as thermal effects, dielectric breakdown, and plasma ablation. The review also covers quantitative evaluation methods for assessing laser irradiation effects. This work provides a comprehensive reference for future studies.
Wei et al. (2026) studied this question.