Research on the Demand and Optimization Path of Sports Park Facilities in Xi’an Based on the KANO Model

Based on the KANO model, this study investigates the demand structure and optimization pathway for sports park facilities in Xi’an, integrating green and low-carbon principles into the planning and operation process. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 584 residents across six representative sports parks in Xi’an, covering 30 facility items classified into sports facility types and supporting facilities/services. Using KANO categorization combined with Better–Worse coefficient analysis and the importance coefficient (ID), the results reveal eight important-quality items (e.g., badminton courts, basketball courts, table tennis facilities, square dance areas, fitness equipment, rest areas, toilets, and drinking water dispensers), thirteen expected-quality items, six charm-quality items, and three irrelevant-quality items. The importance ranking further identifies high-priority must-be and expected elements, providing a quantifiable basis for supply sequencing. The study proposes a phased optimization strategy: first guarantee important-quality across all parks with low-cost green measures, then improve expected-quality items to enhance satisfaction, and finally pilot charm-quality features as differentiated “one park, one product” features under feasibility and budget constraints. This KANO-based integrated framework not only addresses the research gap in multi-dimensional demand classification and priority ordering for sports parks but also offers a replicable decision-making model for sustainable, user-centered facility allocation in Xi’an and similar cities, advancing the transition from “total quantity” to “multi-dimensional adaptation” in national fitness infrastructure.