Nakhapariksha: A Comprehensive Review of Onychology in Ayurvedic Diagnostic Methodology

NakhaPariksha (nail examination) is a significant non-invasive diagnostic tool in Ayurveda. Traditionally it’s categorized under the RogaPareeksha (examination of the disease). Modern onychology focuses only on clinical pathology but Ayurveda said that nails as the Mala of AsthiDhatu. This is primary indicator of the body’s internal metabolic state and tissue health. NakhaPariksha is methodology involves a detailed analysis of the nails’ colour, shape, size, texture, and luster. According to Ayurvedic principles, variations in these features correlate directly with the dominance or imbalance of the Tridoshas. NakhaPariksha serves as a "mirror" for systemic health. Its show the early detection of conditions such as Pandu (anemia), Grahani (malabsorption), and Agni Mandya (digestive impairment). By observing the presence or absence of the lunula and the integrity of the nail plate, a practitioner can assess the strength of a patient's Ojas (vitality) and the efficiency of their digestion. This Review paper emphasizes that integrating traditional NakhaPariksha with contemporary medical knowledge provides a more comprehensive, holistic diagnostic framework. It remains a cost-effective and vital bedside clinical skill for assessing a patient's constitution and the progression of systemic imbalances.