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Analysis reveals significant fraction of extragalactic iron nuclei reaches Earth, indicating distant sources matter.
We discuss the fraction of extragalactic cosmic iron nuclei that reach Earth without fragmentation in extragalactic space. It is shown that for particles with energies E = 1019 eV, this fraction is significant (approximately 10%), even for sources with redshifts as high as 0.2, and not just for nearby sources. Therefore, when analyzing possible sources of iron nuclei, distant sources must be taken into account.
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A. V. Uryson (2026) studied this question.
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