The Determinants of Capital Structure for Australian Multinational and Domestic Corporations

This study considers the significance of the determinants of capital structure on a sample of Australian multinational and domestic corporations from 1992 to 2001. The results show that the level of leverage does not differ significantly between multinational and domestic corporations. Using cross-sectional Tobit regression analysis, the results show that, for both types of corporations, growth, profitability and size are significant determinants of leverage. Collateral value of assets is a significant determinant of leverage for domestic corporations. For multinationals, bankruptcy costs and the level of geographical diversification are significant. Surprisingly, bankruptcy costs are not significant for domestic corporations. In relation to interaction effects, bankruptcy costs and profitability are significant in explaining multinational leverage relative to domestic leverage. When industry effects are considered, the significance of the original determinants remains unchanged, but some industries became significant. Finally, the determinants of capital structure and leverage varied over the sample period for both multinational and domestic corporations.