The scenario of accelerating technology commercialization at research university, a system dynamics approach

Commercializing technologies from universities is often hindered by insufficient resources, prolonged development cycles, and limited industry engagement. A Technology Transfer Office (TTO) typically supports these efforts, yet many initiatives still fail without an effective strategy. This paper proposes a scenario-based system dynamics model to address the challenge of accelerating technology commercialization. The model integrates key variables, such as funding availability, team performance, inspection delay, and user involvement, within a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) framework. It further provides a structured method for expediting the transition from prototypes to market-ready products. Our results indicate that TTO involvement can reduce delays by directly matching university inventions with early adopters. Furthermore, the results also enhances funding prospects, given that TTOs coordinate seed grants, competitions, and external sponsorships. Meanwhile, additional inventor funding can further influence the development pace, underlining the importance of team performance and resource availability. Overall, team dynamics—including expertise and time allocation—prove critical to rapidly advance TRL levels. The active engagement of end users in design and testing also accelerates improvements. Based on these insights, we present a practical scenario guidance for TTO managers to address funding shortfalls, optimize resources, and shorten commercialization timelines.