Microchannel-containing hydrogel scaffolds enabled functional recovery in the absence of cells and bioactive molecules following spinal cord injury

assessments using a rat spinal cord complete transection model showed that, in the absence of cells or bioactive molecules, the microchannel-containing scaffolds enabled neurite ingrowth and promoted functional recovery of the hindlimbs over the 3-month implantation period. While the formation of cystic cavities was evident at the longer timepoints, the scaffolds did not induce strong glial scarring or inflammation. These findings provide strong preliminary data that suggests the 3D-printed GelMA-PEGDA scaffolds possessed suitable topographical cues, mechanical and biological properties that can support neuron infiltration into the lesion gap and trigger functional recovery. Together, these results show microchannel-containing hydrogel scaffolds have potential as a platform for neural regeneration post-spinal cord injury. More importantly, we provide evidence that with the appropriate materials and topographical cues alone, neural tissue regeneration and functional recovery can be induced without the need for cells or bioactive molecules.