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Initial osteoporosis leads to an increased carbonate ion content in the phosphorus group position and alters the orientation of apatite crystals within mineral plates, potentially compromising bone mechanical properties and apatite stability. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

December 13, 2025Crystals1 citationsOpen Access

Chemical Composition and Ultrastructure of Bone Apatite in Initial Osteoporosis: Mineralogical Study

ABArtem A. BibkoNational Research Tomsk State University OBOksana V. BukharovaNational Research Tomsk State University RSRoman ShendrikLomonosov Moscow State University

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Abstract

Bone is one of the most important organs of mammals, consisting of collagen and apatite. Various diseases, such as osteoporosis, can affect the components of bone tissue, their chemical composition and bone ultrastructure, which leads to changes in properties. In this paper, the effect of initial osteoporosis on the chemical composition of bone apatite and the ultrastructure of bone tissue from a mineralogical point of view is analyzed using rat femurs as an example. The chemical composition of bone apatite was studied using SEM, EDS and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The bone ultrastructure was examined using a transmission electron microscope. An increase in the content of carbonate ion in the position of the phosphorus group and a change in the orientation of apatite crystals inside mineral plates were revealed against the background of initial osteoporosis, which can affect not only the mechanical properties of bone, but also the stability of apatite under biological conditions.

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