A heat treatment method has been developed for the fabrication of ceramic superconductors using continuous microwave irradiation. By adjusting the sizes of the samples, isothermal heat treatment can be achieved as a result of thermal equilibrium between energy absorbed from microwaves and heat dissipated to the environment. Superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi2212) was made in a few hours. The mechanism of the method is explained by numerical calculation based on finite element analysis.
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Kwong et al. (2003) studied this question.
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