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This paper presents a coordinated control method for central and local battery energy storage systems to control voltage of a middle-voltage 6.6 KV photovoltaic-supplied microgrid. Each local battery storage system minimizes the active power flow through the feeder bus it is installed on. A central battery energy storage system minimizes power flow from the utility to the microgrid through the interconnection point it is installed on, which in turn limits local bus voltages in the microgrid, such as those supplied by photovoltaic systems and the utility. The central battery energy storage system can act as a distribution static compensator when its batteries are fully charged or fully discharged. Microgrid loop and radial structures are studied to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the microgrid model using actual photovoltaic data and residential loads from Ota City, Japan.
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Dinh et al. (2013) studied this question.