This study investigated the relation between posttraumatic distress symptoms, relational and spiritual health, and different types of potentially traumatic incidents common among active-duty police officers (N = 183). Multiple regression analyses showed that greater hyperarousal trauma symptoms were predicted by less effort toward personal relationships and more on-duty assaults resulting in serious injury. Greater avoidance trauma symptoms were predicted by less effort put toward personal relationships and more on-duty assaults resulting in serious injury. Heightened intrusion trauma symptoms were correlated with more on-duty assaults resulting in serious injury. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Chopko et al. (2012) studied this question.
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