Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Monokine-stimulated endothelial cells are known to produce both burst- and colony-stimulating activities, but neither the nature of the monokine nor the hematopoietic growth factor(s) produced is known. We show by mRNA analysis that an immortalized line of human endothelial cells constitutively produce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Furthermore, interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor induce early passage human umbilical endothelial cells to produce the same growth factor.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Sieff et al. (1987) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: