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Journal Article Social Capital and the Spiral of Silence Get access Francis Dalisay, Francis Dalisay 1School of Communication, College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA; 2Department of Communication, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; 3Department of Communication, Shepherd University Shepherdstown, WV, USA; and 4Communication Studies Department, University of Wisconsin—La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA Francis Dalisay (PhD, Washington State University) is an Associate Lecturer at the School of Communication at Cleveland State University. His research interests include social- and individual-level communication processes and effects in international and intercultural contexts. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jay D. Hmielowski, Jay D. Hmielowski 1School of Communication, College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA; 2Department of Communication, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; 3Department of Communication, Shepherd University Shepherdstown, WV, USA; and 4Communication Studies Department, University of Wisconsin—La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA Jay D. Hmielowski (PhD, The Ohio State University) is Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication at The University of Arizona. His research interests include the study of science communication, with interest in how specific message factors generate attitudinal ambivalence, and how ambivalence affects information processing, information seeking and political engagement. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Matthew James Kushin, Matthew James Kushin 1School of Communication, College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA; 2Department of Communication, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; 3Department of Communication, Shepherd University Shepherdstown, WV, USA; and 4Communication Studies Department, University of Wisconsin—La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA Matthew James Kushin (PhD, Washington State University) is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication at Shepherd University. His research interests include political campaigns, civic and political engagement, online media, and social media. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Masahiro Yamamoto Masahiro Yamamoto 1School of Communication, College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA; 2Department of Communication, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; 3Department of Communication, Shepherd University Shepherdstown, WV, USA; and 4Communication Studies Department, University of Wisconsin—La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA Masahiro Yamamoto (PhD, Washington State University) is an Assistant Professor in the Communication Studies Department at the University of Wisconsin – La Crosse. His research interests include mass media and community social organization, public health, and new media and politics. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Journal of Public Opinion Research, Volume 24, Issue 3, Autumn 2012, Pages 325–345, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/eds023 Published: 11 July 2012
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Dalisay et al. (2012) studied this question.
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