The effect of an enhanced subtropical surface cooling on El Nin o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) through the ''ocean tunnel'' is investigated using a coupled model. Here, the term ''ocean tunnel'' refers to the water pathway that connects the equatorial upwelling water to the subtropical/extratropical surface water. The subtropical cooling is introduced through a reduction of the radiative-convective equilibrium SST (SST p ) in that region. The SST p for the equatorial region is kept fixed.
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Sun et al. (2004) studied this question.
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