First detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus O/Ind-2001d in Vietnam

Figures

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  Fig 1. Clinical lesions during outbreaks of FMDV O/Ind-2001d in Vietnam. A) Outbreak 1, interdigital cleft lesion, front hoof of a cow. The vesicle has ruptured and there is mild hemorrhage (lesion age is estimated as 2–3 days after clinical onset). B) Outbreak 3, intact vesicular lesions (arrows) and sloughed epithelium (arrow heads), tongue of a pig. Some vesicles are still intact suggesting lesion age of approximately 1–2 days after clinical onset). C) Outbreak 3, sloughed hooves on front feet of pig from same farm as animal shown in panel B. The sloughing and granulation tissues suggests these lesions are approximately 4–5 days after clinical onset. Green coloration from animal-marking paint. D) Outbreak 4, dental pad erosion and sloughed epithelium on tongue of a cow in Ninh Thuận province. Early re-epithelialization and yellow discoloration from secondary bacterial contamination suggests these lesions are approximately 2–3 days after clinical onset.

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  Fig 2. Maximum clade credibility tree depicting the phylogeny of FMDV serotype O ME-SA India-2001. Names of the viruses collected in Vietnam are highlighted in red. Viruses from Vietnam are closely related to other Ind-2001 collected in India, Nepal and Bangladesh collected in 2013 and 2014. O#1, #2, #3, and #4 correspond to outbreak numbers 1–4 described in text and Table 1. Collapsed clades (*) are expanded in full detail in S1 Fig.