Geometry-driven shift in the Tomonaga-Luttinger exponent of deformed cylinders

We demonstrate the effects of geometric perturbation on the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) states in a long, thin, and hollow cylinder whose radius varies periodically. The variation in the surface curvature inherent to the system gives rise to a significant increase in the power-law exponent of the single- particle density of states. The increase in the TLL exponent is caused by a curvature-induced potential that attracts low-energy electrons to region that has large curvature.