A mobile ad-hoc network is a wireless network such that nodes are move dynamically in network. In OSI network layer there is lot of attack but introduce only collaborative black hole and worm hole attack. A group of black hole node easily employed against routing in mobile ad-hock networks called collaborative black hole attack. When two malicious node is create a tunnel is called worm hole attack. This paper instigate to detect and avoided of worm hole attack and collaborative black hole attack using trusted AODV routing algorithm.
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Arya et al. (2015) studied this question.